354例过敏性疾病患者血清过敏原检测结果分析

（杭州市拱墅区半山街道社区卫生服务中心检验科，浙江 杭州 310022）

摘要 [目的]应用过敏原检测系统检测过敏性疾病病因，为过敏性疾病的防治提供科学依据。[方法]采用德国MEDIWISS公司生产的Allergy Screen过敏原检测系统，对随机抽取的354例过敏性疾病患者进行常见的吸入性和食物性过敏原体外免疫测试，测定致敏过敏原。[结果]总IgE阳性率为87.85%,吸入性过敏原以户尘螨、粉尘螨，点青霉、交链孢霉、烟曲霉、分枝孢霉，矮豚草、蒿为主，分别占阳性病例的21.75%，14.97%，10.17%；食物性过敏原以牛奶，鱼、虾、蟹，鸡蛋白、鸡蛋黄为主，分别占阳性病例的13.84％，9.60%，7.63%。各组中男性阳性率均大于女性阳性率，两者差异具有统计学意义（P <0.05）。按不同年龄分组的过敏原检测结果中，单纯吸入性过敏原阳性率随年龄的增加而升高，老年组最高，为 85.61%；单纯食物性过敏原阳性率以青年组最高，为18.18%；混合过敏原阳性率随年龄的增加而降低，少年组最高，为35.94%。[结论]血清过敏原检测可以帮助临床寻找相应的过敏原，对临床诊断治疗和预防疾病提供诊断价值。

关键词过敏性疾病；过敏原；诊断

Allergen detection in serum of 354 allergic patients

FU Qiang. Department of Laboratory Tests, Ban Shan community health service center, Hangzhou 310022, China.

Abstract[Objective] To investigate the allergen detecitiong of serum in allergic patients in order to provide a scientific evidence in the preventing and treatment of allergic diseases. [Methods] Using the German MEDIWISS Allergy Screen allergen detection system, a random sample of 354 cases of allergic disease in patients with common inhaled and food allergens in vitro immune tests, determination of allergen sensitization. [Results] The positive rate of the test of serum total immunoglobulin E(IgE)among the 354 allergic patients was 87.85%.Dermatophagoides farinae/ dermatophagoides pteronyssinus,combination of Streptomyce’s and dwarf ragweed、artemisia were the main inhalation allergens and the positive rates of them were 21.75%、14.97% and 10.17%;The main food allergens were milk, fish、prawns、crabs and eggs and the positive rates of them were13.84%、9.60%、7.63%. The positive rate of the men were greater than the female in each group, A significant difference between the statistics. (P <0.05). According to the different age groups of the results in allergen, simple positive rate of inhaled allergens increases with age, the old age group was the highest for 85.61%; simple positive rate of food allergens, the youth group was the highest positive rate for 18.18%; mixed allergen-positive rate decreased with increasing age, the junior group was the highest for 35.94%. [Conclusions] Serum allergic to the appropriate in clinical testing can help us to find relevant allergen. Examination of serum allergen levels in patients with allergic disease is helpful for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Key wordsAllergic disease;Allergen;Diagnosis

过敏性疾病属于I型超敏反应，主要原因是过敏原刺激过敏体质机体产生特异性IgE抗体后，过敏原与特异性IgE抗体结合，使肥大细胞，嗜碱性粒细胞脱颗粒并释放其介质而产生生物学效应。机体可出现局部或全身症状，如湿疹、荨麻疹等[1] 。过敏原疾病是一种常见病，近年来该病的发病率已出现大幅上升，严重影响人们的生活质量和健康。明确过敏原是预防、临床诊断和治疗过敏性疾病的首要方法。我们随机抽取了2010年4月至2011年3月来杭州市半山街道社区卫生服务中心就诊的354例过敏性疾病患者进行常见吸入性和食物性过敏原的筛查及分析。

1 材料与方法

1.1检测对象

2010年4月至2011年3月来我中心就诊的过敏性疾病病人354例，均为随机抽取，其中男190例，女164例。按年龄分组为，少年组64例，年龄1～19岁；青年组88例，年龄20～40岁；中年组70例，年龄41～60岁；老年组132例，年龄61～80岁。该354例患者无重复检测过敏原情况，临床表现主要包括哮喘、过敏性鼻炎、荨麻疹、久咳、肺炎等。

1.2方法与材料

1.2.1方法 免疫印迹法 德国Mediwiss公司生产的Allergyscreen过敏原诊断试剂盒，检测试剂盒包括吸入组和食物组，吸入组包括户尘螨、粉尘螨，矮豚草、蒿，猫毛皮屑、狗毛皮屑，蟑螂，点青霉、交链孢霉、烟曲霉、分枝孢霉，柏、榆、梧桐、柳、三角叶杨，葎草，总IgE。食物组包括鸡蛋白、鸡蛋黄，牛奶，鱼、虾、蟹，牛肉、羊肉，腰果、花生、黄豆，芒果，小麦和总IgE。静脉采血3ml并分离血清，严格按操作手册步骤操作。

推荐访问:过敏原 血清 过敏 性疾病 患者