养殖密度对瓦氏黄颡鱼幼鱼生长品质和生化指标的影响

摘 要：為探讨养殖密度对瓦氏黄颡鱼幼鱼生长性能、肌肉成分、血液生理生化指标的影响，选用初始体重为（25.23±0.09）g的瓦氏黄颡鱼幼鱼，分别设置G1、G2、G3、G4试验组，养殖密度分别为0.50、1.01、1.51、2.02 kg·m-3 （即20、40、60、80尾·m-3），在循环水养殖系统中进行60 d的养殖试验。结果表明，幼鱼的终末体长、终末体重、特定生长率、肥满度随养殖密度增大而下降，饲料系数则呈上升趋势；G1组瓦氏黄颡鱼幼鱼终末体长、终末体重、特定生长率、肥满度、存活率显著高于G3组和G4组（P<0.05），但G1、G2组鱼体肥满度、饲料系数及存活率无显著差异（P>0.05）。肌肉中蛋白质含量随养殖密度增加而上升，脂肪含量则呈下降趋势，G1组瓦氏黄颡鱼肌肉蛋白质含量显著低于其他处理组（P<0.05），脂肪含量显著高于其他处理组（P<0.05）。血液白蛋白、溶菌酶水平随养殖密度增高呈下降趋势（P<0.05），G1组显著高于G3、G4组（P<0.05）；谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶水平随养殖密度增高呈升高趋势（P<0.05），G1、G2组显著低于G3、G4组（P<0.05）；在试验条件下，养殖密度对鱼体抗氧化能力影响不显著（P>0.05）。综合分析，在本试验条件下，体质量为（25.23±0.09）g的瓦氏黄颡鱼适宜放养密度约为1.01 kg·m-3，该结果可为工厂化养殖提供参考依据。

关键词：瓦氏黄颡鱼；养殖密度；生长；肌肉组分；生理生化

中图分类号：S 965 文献标识码：A文章编号：1008-0384（2018）07-670-06

Abstract： The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of stocking density on growth， muscle composition and blood parameters of Pelteobagrus vachelli juveniles. A 60 day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of stocking density on growth， muscle composition and blood parameters of juvenile yellow catfish （Pelteobagrus vachelli）. A total of 600 juvenile yellow catfish with an initial body weight of （25.23±0.09） g were randomly distributed into four different stocking density groups with 3 replicates per group of G1 （0.50 kg·m-3， 20 fish·m-3）， G2 （1.01 kg·m-3， 40 fish·m-3）， G3 （1.51 kg·m-3， 60 fish·m-3）， G4 （2.02 kg·m-3， 80 fish·m-3）. The results showed that the growth and feed coefficient of juvenile yellow catfish were effected significantly by stocking density （P<0.05）. Final body length， final body weight， specific growth rate and condition factor decreased with an increase in stocking density， whereas the feed coefficient showed the opposite tendency （P<0.05）. Final body length， final body weight， specific growth rate， condition factor and survive rate of fish in G1 were higher than those in G3 and G4 （P<0.05），but the condition factor，feed coefficient and survive rate of G1 and G2 were with no significant difference（P>0.05）.Muscle protein content increased significantly with the increase in stocking density， whereas muscle lipid content decreased significantly （P<0.05）. Muscle protein content of fish in G1 was lower than others， whereas the lipid content showed the opposite tendency （P<0.05）. Lower stocking density groups had higher albumin content and lysozyme activity in blood （P<0.05）， whereas glutamicpyruvic transaminase and glutamicoxalacetic transaminase activities showed the opposite tendency（P<0.05）. No significant difference was observed in blood total antioxidant capacity among all groups（P>0.05）. In conclusion，1.01 kg·m-3 was considered to be a suitable stocking density for juvenile yellow catfish with an initial body weight of （25.23±0.09） g.

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