供给侧改革的历史来源与现实意义
文章编号:1671-1254(2016)03-0015-09
Historical Background and Practical Significance
of Side-supply Structural Reform
XU Guangyuan, LI Pengfei, JIAO Ying
(School of Economics, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, China)
Abstract:Supply and demand are the fundamental contradictions comprising economy. In the economic history, there has been a long dispute between demand and supply in the history of economic theories. The theory emphasizing “the supply” is the result of the “demand economy”, while the theory highlighting “the demand” is the product of “surplus economy.” At present, during the transitional period of Chinas reform and opening up, we can see the historical limitations of Keynesian demand management policy. The “supply-side structural reform” in China, put forward by Xi Jinping, was to sublate the American experience and started building Chinese supply economy on the basis of constructing socialism with Chinese characteristics. The focus of economic theories and policies is shifted to the supply side or the production side will be conducive for us to tackle the economic and cultural chaos in economic construction, and to take the path of industrialization unswervingly. Industrial development will increase effective supply so as to satisfy the growing material and cultural needs of the Chinese people, composing a new chapter of Chinas reform and opening up.
Keywords:supply-side reform; demand economy; surplus economy; Chinese supply economics; effective supply
一、确立科学的发展理念和建设理论
理念在思想、理论、纲领、规划等之中居于灵魂和核心的地位,具有统领的作用。发展理念,建设理念是发展,建设理论、纲领、规划的核心。放眼今日的世界,一些国家、民族的发展之所以比较成功和成熟,是因为确立了正确的发展理念和建设理念,走上了科学、健康和可持续发展的道路;一些国家、民族的发展之所以不尽人意,是因为没能确立正确的发展理念和建设理念,没有找到正确、可行的发展道路。
在党的十八届五中全会上,习近平提出了我国建设的“五大发展理念”。这是攸关我国“十三五”乃至更长时期的发展思路,是我国建设理念和建设发展的重点。“五大发展理念”针对我国发展中的突出矛盾和问题,致力于破解发展中的难题,探索增强发展的动力,努力厚植发展的优势。
“五大发展理念”即创新发展,协调发展,绿色发展,开放发展,共享发展。其中,创新是引领发展的第一动力,协调是持续健康发展的内在要求,绿色是永续发展的必要条件,开放是国家繁荣发展的必由之路,共享是中国特色社会主义的本质要求。“五大发展理念”是我党治国理政的新理念。发展是硬道理,是我们党执政兴国的第一要务。“五大发展理念”是我党对第一要务理论的拓展,是我党深化对共产党执政规律、社会主义建设规律、人类社会发展规律的认识的新成果。“五大发展理念”始终坚持的是人民的主体地位,强调为谁创新、为谁协调、为谁与自然和谐相处、为谁开放、谁来共享?“五大发展理念”汇成一句话:人民至上!“五大发展理念”通过人人参与、人人尽力、人人享有,引领全中国人民实现人民生活水平和质量的普遍提高,让全中国人民共同迈入全面小康社会。因此,我们认为,“五大发展理念”是我党、我国发展理念和建设理念的巨大提升。
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