希拉里2012年世界粮食奖颁奖仪式上英语演讲视频及演讲稿
希拉里在 2 2012 年世界粮食奖颁奖仪式上的英语演讲 Remarks at the 2012 World Food Prize Laureate Announcement Ceremony By U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton
Thank you. Thank you, all. Thank you. Thank you very much. Thank you. And this is an occasion that we look forward to every year because of the importance of the work that is done to merit such a distinguished prize. And I want to thank you, Jonathan, for leading our efforts here at the State Department and Ambassador Quinn for your continued leadership on behalf of this very pressing issue. 谢谢。谢谢大家。谢谢你们！非常感谢。谢谢你们。这是我们每年都盼望的一个时刻,因为我们的工作意义重大,值得颁发这样一个杰出的奖项。乔纳森,我要感谢你在国务院领导这项工作,还要感谢奎因大使在这个紧迫的问题上继续发挥领导作用。
And it’s a wonderful honor to have with us former presidents. Thank you so much, President Kufuor, for your leadership on this incredibly significant issue. And thank you very much, President Chissano, for your leadership as well. We are proud to be partnering with both Ghana and Mozambique. I also want to add my word of welcome to former Congressman Jim Leach, and my friend and colleague Congressman Leonard Boswell. It’s not an accident that they’re from Iowa. (Laughter.) And I’m pleased that we could have with us the representation of the Israeli Embassy. I thank you very much, Charge – Ambassador Binah for being with us. And I want to recognize in absentia John and Janis Ruan, the generous sponsors of the World Food Prize, who were unable to join us here today. 今天有两位前任总统在座,我们感到很荣幸,这非常难得。库福尔总统,非常感谢您在这个重大问题上发挥领导作用。希萨诺总统,也十分感谢您所发挥的领导作用。我们很荣幸能与加纳和莫桑比克合作。我也要向前任国会议员吉姆·利奇和我的朋友和同事众议员莱昂纳德·博斯韦尔表示欢迎。他们都来自艾奥瓦州,这并不意外。(笑声) 我很高兴,今天在座的还有以色列大使馆的代表。非常感谢您光临,比那大使。我还要感谢今天缺席的约翰和贾尼斯·阮夫妇,他们是世界粮食奖慷慨的赞助人,今天因故不能参加我们的盛会。
Our newest laureate, as Ambassador Quinn just revealed, is a master of applying new thinking to old problems. In that sense, he truly is following in the footsteps of the founder of the World Food Prize, Dr. Norman Borlaug. And I love Jonathan’s ―I love Norman‖ button. You are here because you already know that Dr. Borlaug launched the Green Revolution by examining the chain of events that starts with a farmer planting a seed and ends with a family sitting down to dinner. He looked for ways to improve each step, starting with the seed itself. And Dr. Daniel Hillel turned his attention to another essential link in the agricultural chain: water. 正如刚才奎因大使所透露的,我们新的获奖人是一位用新思维解决老问题的高手。从这个意义上说,他是世界粮食奖创始人诺曼·博洛格博士的真正追随者。我喜欢乔纳森那枚―我爱诺曼‖的像章。你们今天到会,因为你们已经知道,博洛格博士研究了从农民播种开始到一家人坐下吃饭为止的整个过程,由此发起了―绿色革命‖。他探索改进每一个环节的方法,从种子本身开始。丹尼尔·希勒尔博士则把注意力转向农业产业链上的另一个关键环节：水。
And water has been a very big topic of concern here in the State Department. Our Assistant Secretary Kerri-Ann Jones is a leader in the area of science and technology and water in particular. And we have tried to focus our government’s attention and the world’s attention on the importance of getting ahead of what will be a devastating water crisis if we are not smarter and more purposeful in addressing the problems now. 水在我们国务院一直是一个非常令人关注的主题。凯丽-安·琼斯助理国务卿在科学技术领域——特别是水的领域——是一位领军人物。我们试图使我们的政府和世界聚焦于未来,如果我们现在在水的问题上做法不够明智、目标不够明确,就会发生一场毁灭性的水危机。
So it’s especially fitting, Ambassador Quinn, that we honor today someone who has made such contributions because he understood the critical role that water plays in agriculture and the importance of getting every last drop used efficiently. 奎因大使,因此,我们今天嘉奖做出这样贡献的人就特别恰当,因为他了解水在农业中的关键作用以及有效利用每一滴水的重要性。
We use more water for agriculture than for any other human pursuit – more than cooking, cleaning, or manufacturing. It takes roughly a liter of water to produce just one calorie of food – another reason for us all to watch our calories, I guess. (Laughter.) There’s also – you wonder why you’re standing. The latest research shows you burn more calories when you stand. So – (laughter) – we’re doing our part. (Laughter.) But in many regions of the world that so many of you are from or you work in, you know that water is either too scarce or too unpredictable to sustain what we think of as regular agriculture. 农业用水超过任何其他用途,包括做饭、保持清洁、制造产品。大约需要 1 公升的水才能生产 1 卡路里的粮食——我想这也是我们要减少我们摄取的热量的另一个理由。(笑声) 还有——你们可能纳闷为什么让你们站着。最新的研究表明,当你站着的时候,你消耗更多的卡路里。（笑声）——我们尽了我们的力。(笑声)但在你们许多人生活和工作的地区,你们知道,水资源太少或不可预知,不能维持我们所说的正常的农业。
For 40 years, Dr. Hillel has worked to solve this problem by bringing his micro-irrigation techniques to the driest and least hospitable growing climates on earth, from Israel to Pakistan to Sudan. Today, farmers using micro-irrigation produce high-yield, nutritious crops on more than 6 million hectares worldwide. Dr. Hillel’s work will become even more important as we grapple with how to feed the world’s growing population. We know the facts: Nearly a billion people already go to bed hungry every night. By the year 2050, the global population is estimated to reach 9 billion. And according to the latest FAO estimates, the world will need to produce 60 percent more food than we do today to feed everyone. In that same time, the demand for water to grow food will rise by almost 20 percent. But our water supply is finite. So if we’re going to strengthen food security, we have to get more out of each drop. 40 年来,希勒尔博士一直在努力解决这个问题,把他的微灌技术应用到地球上最干燥和最不适合作物生长的气候带,从以色列到巴基斯坦到苏丹。今天,使用微灌技术的农民在全球超过 600 万公顷的土地上种植高产、营养丰富的作物。在我们考虑如何养活世界不断增长的人口之际,希勒尔博士的工作将变得更加重要。我们知道的事实是：近 10 亿人每天晚上饿着肚子上床睡觉。到 2050 年,全球人口预计将达到 90 亿。根据粮农组织的最新预计,要让每个人吃饱饭,全球将需要比现在多生产 60％以上的粮食。在同一时间,种植粮食对水的需求将增加 20％。但是,我们的水资源是有限的。因此,我们如果要加强粮食安全,就必须更好地利用每一滴水。
Now of course, making sure people get enough nutritious food is fundamentally a human, moral concern. But it does have implications for global health and development. When people are undernourished or malnourished, they are more susceptible to illness and disease. Children in particular suffer if they don’t get proper nutrition during the 1,000 days from their mother’s pregnancy through age two. It stunts their growth and diminishes their ability to learn. So when they become adults, their ability to earn a living is limited, which in turn limits their country’s economic prospects. When you multiply this chain of cause and effect by a billion people suffering from chronic hunger, you can see how undernutrition hobbles global economic advancement. 当然,确保人们得到充分的营养食品在根本上是一个人道和道德问题。但是,这确实对全球健康和发展有着重大意义。人在营养不足或营养不良时,会更容易生病。如果胎儿和幼儿在从母亲怀孕到满 2 岁的 1000 天内得不到适当的营养,他们的健康特别容易受到危害。这会妨碍他们的发育及生长,减弱他们的学习能力,致使他们在长大成人后谋生能力受到限制,进而制约其祖国的经济发展前景。这种因果链再乘以 10 亿长期遭受饥饿的人口,你们就会看到营养不足将如何阻碍全球经济发展。
Food security is also fundamental to human security. Scarce food resources can lead to panic buying, countries disrupting or even stopping their food trades, and spikes in the price of food. That then can lead to public unrest or violent protests. When nations make competing claims for fertile fields or sources of water, it can also undermine regional stability. But when we strengthen food security and enhance cooperation at the local, national, and regional levels, we create a stronger base for
our efforts to promote human development, dignity and security worldwide. 粮食安全也是人类安全的根本。粮食资源的匮乏会导致抢购,使各国粮食贸易中断甚至停顿,食品价格飞涨,进而导致民众骚乱或暴力抗议。当各国争夺可耕地或水资源时,也会破坏地区稳定。但是,如果我们增进粮食安全和加强地方、国家和地区各级的合作,我们便能够奠定一个更牢固的基础,努力促进全人类的发展、尊严及安全。
And why don’t – can we help right here and maybe get some water? Thanks, Kerri-Ann. Thanks, Jonathan. I’m going to continue, okay, so that – we’ll tend to this. But we will also continue to address why this is so important and why Dr. Hillel is such an appropriate recipient. 我们为什么不——请帮个忙,拿点水来好吗？谢谢,凯丽-安。谢谢,乔纳森。我接着讲,好,那么——让我们来做。但我们要继续探讨这为什么如此重要、以及希勒尔博士为什么是最合适的获奖人。
As Jonathan has said, we have worked over the past three and a half years to put food security on the top of the global development agenda. And our premiere food security initiative, Feed the Future, is focused on spurring innovation and finding ways to do more with less and deliver results to people in need. We’re working with 19 countries in Latin America, Africa, the Middle East, and East Asia, developing individual plans of action. And we’re doing some interesting and innovative work. 如乔纳森所说,在过去 3 年半里,我们努力把粮食安全列在全球发展议程的首位。我们的首要粮食安全措施―保障未来粮食供给‖重在推动创新,寻找少花钱多办事、为贫困人口提供帮助的途径。我们正在与拉美、非洲、中东及东亚地区的 19 个国家配合努力,制定各国的行动方案。我们正在进行别开生面的创新。
For example, Feed the Future on the ground in Senegal is working with master farmers enrolled in a training program developed by USAID and the Peace Corps. So farmers are learning better techniques like how to reduce the amount of water soil loses through evaporation, tripling the yield from their corn crops. And through Feed the Future, we’re also making investments in watershed management. We’ve dedicated over $100 million since 2011 to promote water productivity in agricultural development. 例如,在塞内加尔,―保障未来粮食供给‖行动计划的人员与参加美国国际开发署与和平队联合培训项目的农民协作,帮助这些农民掌握更好的技术。例如,减少土壤水分蒸发的技术使玉米产量提高到原来的三倍。我们还通过―保障未来粮食供给‖计划对集水区管理进行投资。自 2011 年以来,我们投入了一亿多美元来提高农业用水效率。
But this work cannot be only the work of scientists and agronomists. It takes political will and leadership at every level. It takes private investors who see the long-term benefits to this. And that’s why the President announced the latest partnership, the New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition, around the G-8, where we’re working with African leaders to better coordinate our resources and to bring private sector investments into this important work. 但是,这项工作不能仅只是科学家和农学家的工作。它需要各级政府表现出政治意愿和发挥领导才能。需要有能够看到这项工作的长期效益的民间投资商。因此,总统在八国集团峰会期间宣布了一项最新伙伴关系计划,即―粮食安全和营养新联盟‖。我们正在与非洲领导人配合努力,更好地协调我们的资源,吸引民营部门对这项重要的工作投资。
And so for me, being able once a year to salute leaders like Dr. Borlaug and the laureate for this year, Dr. Hillel, is the least we can do to recognize those who are truly making a difference. And now it’s our responsibility, and I’m delighted to see these interns from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, because it’s particularly to you that we look to be the leaders of tomorrow here in the United States and across the world to take everything we are learning from science and research, and translate it into results on the ground. 因此,对我来说,能够每年一次向博洛格博士和当年的获奖者——包括今年的获奖者希勒尔博士——致意是我们为表彰那些真正作出贡献的人所能够做的最起码的事情。这是我们的责任。我高兴地看到美国农业部的实习生,因为我们特别期待着你们成为美国和世界明天的领袖 ,把我们从科学研究中学到的知识转化为实际成果。
And the Green Revolution saved as many as a billion people from starvation. It is up to us to make sure we save the next billion. Thank you all very much. (Applause.) 绿色革命帮助 10 亿人口摆脱了饥饿。确保拯救另外 10 亿人的工作要靠我们来做。多谢各位。（掌声）
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